ACE2是SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2不可缺少的进入受体。由于COVID-19的大流行，它已成为生物医学中最具治疗作用的人类分子之一。ACE2有两个基本的生理作用：作为一种酶，它改变了肽级联的平衡；作为一种伴侣，它控制肠道氨基酸的吸收。ACE2的组织分布受合并症和性别的影响，解释了冠状病毒的广泛倾向性以及SARS和COVID-19的临床表现。基于ACE2的治疗方法提供了一种预防和治疗SARS-CoV-2感染的通用策略，适用于所有SARS-CoV-2变体和其他利用ACE2作为其细胞受体的新兴人畜共患冠状病毒。
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 – at the Heart of the COVID-19 pandemic
ACE2 is the indispensable entry receptor for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become one of the most therapeutically-targeted human molecules in biomedicine. ACE2 serves two fundamental physiological roles: as an enzyme, it alters peptide cascade balance, and as a chaperone, it controls intestinal amino acid uptake. ACE2’s tissue distribution, affected by comorbidities and sex, explains the broad tropism of coronaviruses and the clinical manifestations of SARS and COVID-19. ACE2-based therapeutics provide a universal strategy to prevent and treat SARS-CoV-2 infections, applicable to all SARS-CoV-2 variants and other emerging zoonotic coronaviruses exploiting ACE2 as their cellular receptor.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.039
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